内部资料：中考英语词语解析
cabbage n.[C,U]卷心菜，洋白菜：She grows Chinese cabbages in her garden. 她在菜园里种大白菜。/ Give me some more cabbage. 再给我一点洋白菜。
1. 若指植物，可用作可数或不可数名词：two cabbages=two heads of cabbage 两棵卷心菜 2. 若指作为食用的蔬菜，则为不可数名词：I don’t like cabbage. 我不喜欢吃卷心菜。
café n.[C]咖啡店，饭店：They had coffee in a café. 他们在咖啡店喝了咖啡。
cage n.[C]笼，鸟笼：Put the dog in a cage. 把这条狗关入笼中。
cake n. 1.[C,U]蛋糕，糕点：a chocolate cake 巧克力蛋糕 / a fruit cake水果蛋糕 / a piece[slice] of birthday cake一块[片]蛋糕 2.[C]饼：fish cakes鱼肉饼 / potato cakes 马铃薯饼
若统指“糕饼”或“蛋糕”，是物质名词，不可数；但如果是指一块块的糕饼或蛋糕，则为具体名词，可数。有时因为说话者的着眼点不同，以上两种使用方法都是可能的：Would you like some cake? 吃蛋糕吗?
call n. 1.[C]呼喊，喊叫：a call for help大声呼救 / They came at my call. 我把他们喊来了。2.[C]电话：give sb a call 给某人打电话 / receive a call 接电话 / return a call 回]电话 / Were there any calls for me while I was out? 我出去的时候有人打电话给我吗？v. 1. 喊，叫：She called her father for help. 她向爸爸喊叫求救。/ I hearing someone calling. 我听到有人在叫。2. 大声叫来，呼唤，召唤：Please calla taxi. 请叫辆计程车。/ It’s better to call a doctor. 最好请个大夫来。3. 起名字，称呼：How dare you call me fat！你如何敢叫我胖子！/What’s your dog called? 你的狗叫什么名字？4. 觉得，视为：I call him a fool. 我觉得他是个傻瓜。5. 拜访，常常来访：She called at his office yesterday. 她昨天去了他办公室拜访。/ The milkman calls once a day.卖牛奶的天天来一次。6.打电话：I’ll callagain later. 我稍后再打电话。/ I called him this morning but he was out. 我今早打过电话给他，可是他不在。
1. 要表示叫某人做某事，一般用tell sb to do sth或ask sb to do sth如此的结构：The teacher told us to study hard. 老师叫大家好好学习。若用call sb to do sth，则表示大声喊某人做某事：He called her to help him. 他大声喊她去帮忙。2. 以下两句中的call和say所搭配的疑问词不同，尽管它们所表示的意思差不多：What do you call this in English? / How do you say this in English? 这个东西用英语如何说? 3. 表示拜访时，若指拜访某人，后接介词on，若指拜访某地，则后接介词at，即用call on sb, call at a place。
camera n.[C]照相机，摄像机：I don't know how to use this camera. 我不了解这台摄像机如何使用。
can aux. v. 1. 能，会：I can swim. 我会游泳。/ He can’t speak French. 他不会说法语。2. 可以：Class is over. You can go home now.下课了，你可以回家了。3. 可能：Can it be true? 那会是不是真的？4. 请：Can you hold on a minute, please? 请你等一下怎么样？
can与be able to：1. can只有目前式和过去式两种形式，而be able to 则有多种时态形式。2. could 和 was able to作为过去式，均可表示过去的能力，但除非在否定句中，could一般只表示过去一般性的能力，而不表示过去特定场所下的能力，表示过去特定场所的能力要用was[were] able to结构：I was able to swim to the bank when the ship sank. 当船沉时，我设法游到了岸边。3. can 有时可用没生命的东西作主语，而be able to则不能。
1. 表推断时，can一般只用于否定句和疑问句，一般不需要于一定句，如可说Can he be at home? 他会在家吗？但不可以说He can be at home. 2. 若对过去可能已经发生的状况作推断，不可以只用can的过去式could，而应后接动词的完成式：He can’t[couldn’t] have gone home. 他不可能已回家了。
加拿大为北美洲北部的一个国家，首都为渥太华，最大城市是蒙特利尔。
Canadian adj. 加拿大的，加拿大人的n.[C]加拿大人
cancer n. 1.[C,U]癌：He has got cancer. 他得了癌症。/ The cancer spread to the lungs. 癌细胞扩散到了肺部。
比较同义结构：He’s got a cancer in his throat. / He’s got cancer of the throat. 他得了喉癌。
candle n.[C]蜡烛：The candle has gone out. 蜡烛灭了。/ He lit a candle. 他点燃了一支蜡烛。/She blew out 10 candles on the birthday cake. 她吹熄了过生日蛋糕上的10支蜡烛。
canoe n.[C]独木舟：He left there in a canoe[by canoe]. 他乘独木舟离开了那儿。/ We could cross the lake only in a canoe at that time. 那时大家只能乘独木舟过湖。vi. 乘独木舟：They canoed across the lake. 他们划着独木舟过湖。
cap n. 1.[C]帽子：Where is my cap? 我的帽子在什么地方？/ How much is a work cap? 一顶工作帽要多少钱？
cap 与hat：前者指没帽缘或仅在前面有帽缘的帽子，后者指四周有帽缘的帽子。
容易见到搭配：wear a cap 戴着帽子 / put on a cap 戴上帽子 / take off a cap 脱下帽子
capital n. 1.[C]首都，首府，省会：Each state of the
captain n. 1.上校，上尉 2. 船长，舰长：Are we ready to sail, Captain? 船长，大家筹备开航吗? 3. 队长，组长：He wascaptain of the football team for five years.他当了五年的足球队长。
car n. 1.[C]汽车，小汽车：What kind of car do you have? 你的汽车是哪种？/ We are going by car. 大家开车去。2. 火车车厢：This train has a sleeping car. 这火车有卧铺车厢。3.厢，舱：a cable car缆车
card n. 1.[C]卡片：a birthday card 过生日卡 / one’s identity card身份证 2.[C]名片：Could you please give me your card? 请给我一张你的名片怎么样？3.[C]明信片：I sent her a get–well card. 我给她寄了一张祝她康复的明信片。4.[C]请帖：a wedding card 结婚典礼请柬
care n. 1.[U]小心，用心，小心，注意：Please do this with care. 你做这事时请格外小心。/ Care is needed when crossing the road. 过马路时要小心。2.[U]关怀，爱惜，照料，看护：a mother’s care for her children 妈妈对孩子的关怀 / The library is under the care of Mr. Green. 图书馆由格林先生管理。3.[C]需操心的事：He was free from all cares. 他无忧无虑。v. 在意，在乎：I don’t care a bit.我一点儿也不在乎。/ He failed the examination but he didn’t seem to care. 他考试不及格却好像并不在乎。
1. take care of 照顾，照看，负责，处置：He’s old enough to take care of himself.他大了，能照顾自己了。2. care for 喜欢，爱：He cares for her deeply. 他深深地爱着她。 负责，照顾：Who will care for him if his wife dies. 假若他老婆去世了，哪个来照顾他呢？想，喜欢：I don’t care much for opera. 我不太喜欢歌剧。/ Would you care for a drink? 你想喝点酒吗？3. care about关心：All she cares about is money. 她关心的只不过钱。
用作名词，表示“小心”、“注意”、“关心”等，为不可数名词，所以不可以说take a good care of或take good cares of等。
careful adj. 小心的，小心的，注意的：Be careful! 小心！/ He was a very careful man with his words. 他是一个说话非常小心的人。/ Be careful not to break it. 小心不要把它打破了。
1. 后接介词 of 或 about，表示“当心”、“注意”：You must be careful of[about] your pronunciation. 你应该注意你的发音。2. 后接with sth或in doing sth，表示做某事时非常小心或仔细：He's careful with his work. / He's carefuldoing his work.他工作非常仔细。3. 后接不定式，表示注意要做某事：Be careful not to drop it. 小心不要把它掉了。
carefully adv. 细心地，细致地：Listen carefully. 请仔细听。/ You must work much more carefully. 你应工作得愈加细心。/ If you watch carefully, you will see how to do it. 假如你仔细瞧你会看出该如何做。
careless adj. 1. 粗心的，不小心的：You are too careless. 你太粗心了。2.由粗心引起的：It’s a careless mistake. 那是一个因为粗心而犯的错误。3. 漫不经心的：He is careless in everything. 他对任何事都漫不经心。
注意以下同义表达：It was careless of you to leave the room unlocked.=You were careless to leave the room unlocked. 你没把门锁上真是太大意了。
carriage n. 1.[C]四轮马车，马车：an opencarriage 敞蓬马车2.[C]客车厢：I’ll be sitting in the third carriage from the front of the train. 我会坐在火车的第三节车厢。
carrot n.[C,U]胡萝卜：Have another carrot. 再来根胡萝卜。/ Would you like some more carrot? 再来点胡萝卜怎么样？
1. 作为植物的“胡萝卜”，是可数名词：We grow carrots in our garden. 大家在菜园里种胡萝卜。2. 作为食物的“胡萝卜”，可用作可数或不可数名词：You should have more carrot. 你应该多吃胡萝卜。
carry vt. 1. 携带，背着，提，抱，举，抬：Let me carry it. 让我提它。/ The monkey carried her baby on her back. 猴子把她的婴儿背在背上。2.持有，带有： In Britain police do not usually carry guns. 在英国警察一般不带枪。/ He always carries some money about him. 她身上一直带些钱。3. 运送，搬运：That pipe carries water. 那管子是送水用的。/ He carried the food to the table. 他把食物端到桌上。4. 登载，刊出，播出：Today’s papers carry full reports of the President’s visit. 今天报纸上登载了总统访问的详尽报道。
1. carry on 继续，进行：Please carry on with your work. 请继续工作。/ We will carry on our discussion tomorrow. 大家明天将继续讨论。2. carry out 进行，拓展，完成，达成，实行：The operation was carried out successfully. 手术进行得非常成功。/ We expect her to carry out her promises. 大家期望她履行诺言。3. carry through 成功地完成，帮助渡过难关：He carried through the work in a month. 他在一个月之内就完成了工作。/ His courage carried him through his illness. 他的勇气使他战胜了疾病。
cat n.[C]猫：We’ve got three cats and a dog. 大家有三只猫和一只狗。
rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
catch v.1. 捕捉，捉住：The cat catches mice. 猫捉老鼠。/ She threw the ball and I caught it. 她扔出了球，我接住了它。/ He was caught by the policeman. 他被警察捉住了。2. 无意中发现：The teacher caught him stealing. 老师发现他在偷东西。/ Mother caught me smoking. 妈妈发现我吸烟。3. 准时赶上：I ran to catch the last bus. 我跑着去，以便赶上最后一班车。/ Let’s eat now and maybe we could catch a movie later. 咱们目前就吃，可能吃完能赶场电影。4. 传染，感染，患：I'm afraid I've caught a cold. 我怕我是感冒了。/ She caught the disease from a patient. 她的病是从一位患者那儿传染的。5. 绊住，钩住，缠住：A nail caught her skirts. 钉子钩住了她的裙子。6. 打：The ball caught him on the head. 球打在了他的头上。7. 惹得，引起：The boy knocked on the window to catch my attention. 孩子敲窗户引起我的注意。8. 着：The house caught fire. 那所房屋失火了/ The fire caught quickly. 火燃烧得非常快。9. 听到，领会：I don't quite catch on. 我不非常理解。/ Did you catch my idea? 你了解我的意思吗？/ I don't catch your meaning. 我不知道你的意思。/ He speaks so fast that we couldn’t catch a single word. 她讲得太快，大家一句话也没听懂。
1. 一般用作及物动词，个别使用方法也用作不及物动词：Will the disease catch? 这病会不会传染? / My coat caught in the car door. 我的衣服被车门夹住了。/ I don't quite catch on to what he is saying. 我不大理解他在讲什么。2. 表示无意中发现某人在做某事时，一般用catch sb doing sth，其中的doing不可以换成不定式。
catch up赶上，追上：If you miss a lot of lessons, it's very difficult to catch up. 如果你耽误不少课，你会非常难赶上的。/ You go ahead and I will catch you up[catch up with you] later. 你先走，我一会儿就会赶上你的。
cause n. 1.[C,U]缘由：Smoking is one of the causes of heart disease. 抽烟是引起心脏病的一种缘由。2.[U]理由，原故：Don’t be late without good cause. 不要无故迟到。vt. 引起，致使：Careless driving often causes accidents. 开车大意常常导致事故。/ What caused him to change his mind? 是什么使他改变了主意?
在“cause+宾语+不定式”结构中，不定式需要带to，且不可以改为目前分词，如可说 What caused her to cry? 她为何哭了？但不可以说What caused her cry[crying]?
CD 光盘，激光唱片：I want to buy a CD player. 我想买部激光唱机。/ He is playing CD. 他在放CD。
CD 为 compact disc的缩写。比较：VCD=video compact disc。
celebrate v. 庆祝，祝贺：We celebrate International Women's Day on March 8th. 大家在
celebration n. 1.[U]庆祝，祝贺：The victory deserves celebration. 这一胜利值得庆祝。2.[C]庆祝会，庆典：We’ll hold a celebration for this. 大家将为此举行一个庆祝会。
cent n. 1.[C]美分：There are 100 cents in a dollar. 1USD合100美分。/ Sugar has advanced 2 cents a pound. 食糖
centren. 1.[C]中心点，中心，中央：the center of a circle 圆心 / Although London is Britain’s capital, it is not at the center of the country. 伦敦虽然为英国首都，却并不是位居全国之正中央。2.[C]场合，中心：a shopping center 购物中心 / business center商业中心 / Our town has a new sports center. 大家镇上有个新的体育中心。
centre 与 middle：1. 表示立体事物的中心一般只用 centre，不需要middle。2. centre 多指物体的正中心，而 middle 则指中间或中部，因而它表示的地方不如 centre 精准：the centre of London 伦敦的市中心 / the middle of England 英格兰的中部。因为“圆心”指的一直圆的正中心，所以一直要用 centre，即用the centre of the circle 圆心。3. 表示学术、工业、商业等比喻使用方法中的“中心”，要用centre，不需要middle。4. centre 只合适于空间观念，而 middle 既能够用于空间，也可以用于时间或活动等，如in the middle of July 7月中旬 / in the middle of dinner 正在吃饭
century n. [C]世纪，百年：It was built in the 19th century. 它是19世纪建造的。/ We are living at the beginning of the 21st century. 大家生活在21世纪初。
certainly adv. 1. 肯定，无疑地：He certainly doesn’t know. 他肯定不了解。/ She is certainly the best swimmer in the team. 她无疑是队里游得最好的。2.当然，是的：“Would you help me?” “certainly!” “你可以帮我个忙吗？”“当然可以！”/ “Can I use your toothbrush?” “Certainly not!” “我可以用你的牙刷吗?”“那可不可以！”
chair n. 1.[C]椅子：He's sitting on[in] the chair. 他坐在椅子上。/ Won’t you take a chair? 你请坐怎么样？
seat与 chair：seat 指电影院、火车、汽车、飞机等上面的供人坐的位子，而chair指的是一种可移动的单人椅子。
chairman n.[C]主席，会长，议长：You’ll be the chairman at today’s meeting. 今天开会由你当主席。
chalk n. 1.[U,C] 粉笔，粉笔灰：The teacher wrote with a stick[piece] of chalk. 老师用粉笔写字。/ a teacher with chalk on his jacket 外衣上有粉笔末的教师
一般用作物质名词，不可数，要具体表示几支粉笔，一般应借用单位词piece 或 stick。有时当要表示各种不同颜色的粉笔时, 也可用作可数名词：There are some coloured chalks on the desk. 讲台上有几支粉笔。
challenge n. 1.[C]邀请赛、竞赛、战争，挑战：This examination is a real challenge. 这次考试是一次真的的挑战。/ I accepted his challenge to run a race. 我同意他提出的和我赛跑的挑战。
chance n. 1.[C]机会：Don’t miss such a good chance. 别错过如此好的机会。/ I haven't had a chance to read my letter. 我还没机会看我的信呢。2.[C,U]可能性，期望：There is little chance of meeting her again. 再跟她见面不太可能了。/ Does he have any chance of winning? 他有获胜的期望吗？
by chance 偶然：I met him by chance. 我偶然遇见了他。
表示 “做某事的机会”，其后可接动词不定式或“of＋动名词”：It is a good chance to try[of trying] it. 那是尝试的好机会。/ I wish to have a chance to go[of going] to college. 我期望有个机会上大学。
change n. 1.[U]零钱，找头：Have you got any change on you? 身边有零钱吗？2.[C,U]变化，改动：There is a sudden change in the situation. 形势忽然发生变化。/ Are you for or against change? 你同意还是反对改动？v. 1. 改变，变化：In autumn the leaves change from green to brown. 秋季树叶由绿变黄。/ I’ve changed my mind. 我已改变了主意。
1. 比较change...for…与change...into…：前者表示“用…去换…”，后者表示“把…变成…”：You'd better change that shirt for a large one. 你最好把那件衬衫去换件大号的。/ We can change ice into water by heating it. 通过加热大家可以把冰变成水。2. 在下列表达中，change 后的名词用复数形式：change trains转车 /change seats 换座位 / change places换座位
channel n. 1.[C]水渠，水沟：Heavy rain wore a channel in the field. 大雨在天地里冲出了一条水沟。2.[C]海峡：The English Channel separates English and France. 英吉利海峡隔开了英法两国。3.[C]频道，波段：I don’t like this show, let’s see what’s on the other channel. 我不想看这个节目，大家看另一个频道的节目吧。
chart n. 1. [C]地图，示意图，曲线图：a weather chart 气象图 / a sales chart 销售图 / a wall chart 挂图 2.[C]航海图，水路图
cheap adj. 1. 实惠的，价格低的：The computer is cheap. 这台电脑非常实惠。/ Fresh vegetables are very cheap in the summer. 新鲜蔬菜夏季非常实惠。adv. 1. 便宜地，实惠地：I was very lucky to get it so cheap. 我运势好，买到这么实惠的货。
1. 按英语习惯，可以说某种东西非常cheap，但不可以说“价格”非常cheap，说明价格的高低，可用high和low：It's too cheap to be good. 这东西太实惠，好不了。/ Eggs are selling at a lowprice. 鸡蛋价格实惠。2. 用作副词，意为“实惠地”、“价廉地”，一般与buy, sell, get 等少数动词连用。
check n. 1.[C]检查, 检验，核对：Will you please check these figure? 请你核对一下这类数字怎么样? / Have you checked the examination papers yet? 你检查过你的考卷了吗? / I have checked your answers and none of them are correct. 你的答案我都检查过了，没一个是对的。2.[C] 支票：His father gave him a check for 5000 dollars. 他爸爸给了他一张5000USD的支票。 v. 校对，核对，检查，批改：Please check and see if the money is right. 请你把钱点一点。/ You must check your work more carefully—it’s full of mistakes. 你检查工作是要再仔细一点——到处是错。/ The teacher is checking examination papers. 老师在批阅考卷。
check-out n.[C]结账台，付账台
cheese n. 1.[C,U] 奶酪，干酪：Cheese is made of milk. 干酪是牛奶做的。/ The doctor told me to eat less cheese. 大夫叫我少吃乳酪。/ Two cheeses, please. 请来两客干酪。/ She gave the little boy a cheese. 她给这个小孩子一块乳酪。
若用作物质名词，它是不可数的；若指包成肯定形状的、可以一块一块计数的“乳酪”，则是可数名词。因为可同时用作可数或不可数名词，所以在肯定的语言中以下两种说法都是可能的：two pieces of cheese / two cheeses 两块乳酪
chemical adj. 化学的：A chemical change takes place in paper when it burns. 纸燃烧时会发生化学反应。/ They are doing a chemical experiment. 他们在做化学实验。
chemist n. 1.[C]化学家，化学师 2.[C]药剂师，药品商：a chemist’s shop 药店
chemistry n. 1.[U]化学：He is interested chemistry. 他对化学有兴趣。/ Chemistry is my favorite subject. 化学是我最有兴趣的科目。
cheque n.[C]支票：I gave him a cheque for ＄50. 我给了她一张50USD的支票。
chess n.[U]棋，国际象棋：Chinese chess 中国象棋 / playchess 下一盘象棋
国际象棋为一种两人对奕的游戏，其棋盘共64个方格，每方各16个棋子，它们是国王和皇后各一个、城堡两个、主教和骑士各两个、兵八个。
chick n.[C]小鸡：a hen with her chicks 母鸡和小鸡
chicken n. 1.[C]鸡，小鸡2.[U]鸡肉：Do you like boiled chicken? 你喜欢吃炖鸡吗？
child n. 1.[C]孩子子：This child is very clever. 这孩子非常聪明。/ I know him from a child. 我从小就认识他。
其复数为children：He has three children. 他有三个孩子。/ children’s hospital 儿童医院
chimney n. 1.[C]烟囱，烟筒：He has cleaned[swept] the chimney. 他已扫了烟囱。/ The chimney smokes. 烟囱冒烟。/ Can you see those factory chimneys? 你能看见那些工厂的烟囱吗?
Chinese adj. 中国的，中国人的，汉语的：Do you like Chinese food? 你喜欢中国菜吗? / Mr. Smith bought a Chinese dictionary. 史密斯先生买了一本汉语字典。n. 1.[C] 中国人：Most people living there are Chinese. 居住在那里的人大多数是中国人。2.[U]汉语，中文：Chinese is taught in many Japanese schools today. 日本很多学校现在开设汉语课。
1. the Chinese 指全体中国人，具备复数意义： The Chinese are a friendly people. 中华民族是一个友善的民族。2. 注意以下表达中的 Chinese均不适合直译为“中国”或“汉语”等：Chinese cabbage 白菜 / Chinese date 枣子 / Chinese lantern灯笼 / Chinese Wall 长城 / Chinese wood oil 桐油
chip n. 1.[C]碎片，碎屑：a chip of wood 木屑 2.薄片，细长条：We had fish and chips for lunch. 大家午饭吃的是鱼和炸土豆条儿。
表示土豆片等食物时，一般要用复数形式。
chocolate n. 1.[U]巧克力：Do you like chocolate？你喜欢巧克力吗？2.[U,C]巧克力糖：This is a bar of milk chocolate. 这是一条牛奶巧克力糖。/ Never eat chocolates before dinner. 饭前决不要吃巧克力糖 / Have another chocolate 再吃一块巧克力糖3.[U]巧克力饮料
表示“巧克力糖”时，若视为物质名词，是不可数名词；若指包成肯定形状的、可一块块计数的糖块，则是可数名词：Would you like achocolate? 你要吃一块巧克力吗?
choose v. 1. 选择：Choose any one you like. 你喜欢什么就挑什么。/ She chose the biggest cake. 她挑了一个最大的蛋糕。/ I had to choose between them. 我不能不在这两者当中作一选择。2.决定，意愿：He chose to stay there. 他决定留在那儿。/ We chose to go by train. 大家决定坐火车去。
chopstick n.[C]筷子：When we go to a Chinese restaurant we always use chopsticks instead of a knife and fork. 大家上中国饭店时都用筷子。
因为“筷子”一般都是一双一双地用，所以一般要用其复数形式。
Christmas n.[U]圣诞：He wrote that he would be home for Christmas. 他来信说他要回家过圣诞节。/A merry Christmas ! 恭贺圣诞节！[圣诞节快乐] / Christmas card 圣诞节卡 / Christmas tree 圣诞节树 / Christmas Eve 圣诞节前夜 / Father Christmas 圣诞节老人
圣诞是基督教徒纪念耶稣·基督诞生的日子，公认的日期是12月25日。它原本是一个宗教性的节日，后来渐渐演变成一个具备民族风格的全民性节日，在美国与英国、加拿大、德国、意大利、澳大利亚等西方国家，甚至非洲，亚洲的一些国家都非常风靡。圣诞是英美等西方国家一年中非常重要的节日，与国内的新年相似。
1. 作为专有名词，其前一般不需要冠词，但若遭到形容词的修饰时，可用不定冠词：We had a splendid Christmas. 大家圣诞过得非常愉快。2. at Christmas 和 on Christmas Day 均可表示“在圣诞”，注意两者所用介词不同。3. 圣诞祝某人圣诞节快乐时，一般说Merry Christmas，但也可说Happy Christmas。
church n. 1.[C]教堂：The church was built in 1756. 这座教堂建于1756年。2.[U]礼拜仪式：I go to church on Sunday. 我星期天上教堂做礼拜。
go to church指去教堂做礼拜，go to the church指去某个教堂，其不同像go to school与go to the school。
cinema n.[C]电影，电影院：Let’s go to the cinema tonight. 咱们今晚去看电影吧。/ Do you care for the cinema？你喜欢看电影吗？
circle n.[C]圆，圈：There are 360 degrees in a circle. 一个圆有360度。/ Mark the wrong word with a circle. 把错字圈出。v. 盘旋，环绕：The birds circled around in the air. 鸟在空中绕圈子。/ The earth circles the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。/ The students circled the teacher. 学生们围着老师。
city n.[C]市，城市，都市：How do you like this city? 你感觉这座城市如何? / The city lies on the coast. 这座城市坐落于海岸边。/ They were shown round the city. 他们被携带在城里观光。/ It is
class n. 1.[C]班，班级：She was in a class of thirty students. 她在一个有30个学生的班里。/ He is in Class Five, Senior Three. 约翰在高中三年级班。2.[C]课：Class is at eight. 8点开始上课。/ It's time for class. 是上课的时候了。/ He likes to read novels after class. 他喜欢课后看小说。/ The students are in class. 学生在听课。/The teacher is in class. 老师在讲课。3.[C]类别：There are many different classes of animals. 动物有非常多种。
表示在同一个班级上学习的学生，是集体名词。用作主语时，依据状况动词可以是单数或复数：The teacher reads a word, the class says it in concert. 老师念一个词，全班学生齐声跟读。 /The class are taking notes. 全班学生都在做笔记。
classmate n.[C]同班同学：We were classmates at primary school. 大家在小学是同班同学。
classroom n.[C]教室：Keep the classroom clean. 维持教室清洗。
clean v. 弄干净，打扫：Sam helped his mother to clean the kitchen. 萨姆帮助妈妈把厨房打扫干净。/ Don’t forget to clean your teeth before you go to bed. 别忘了刷完牙再睡觉。/ The floor cleans easily. 这地面容易擦洗干净。adj. 1. 干净的，整洁的：You must keep your clothes clean. 你需要维持衣服清洗。/ I want a clean sheet of paper.我想要一张干净的纸。
cleaner n. 1.[C]清洗工：She is an office cleaner. 她是办公室清洗工。/ a floor cleaner 地板除垢剂 2.[C]吸尘器：We need a new cleaner. 大家需要一个新的吸尘器。
clear adj. 1. 容易看见，了解的：You’ll do as you’re told, is that clear? 叫你如何做就如何做，了解吗？/ She spoke in a loud clear voice. 她说话声音又洪亮又了解。2. 晴朗的，明亮的：The sky became clear in the afternoon.下午天空放晴了。v. 1. 使清洗，变清洗：This soap should help to clear your skin. 这肥皂应该能够帮助清洗你的皮肤。/ The muddy water slowly cleared. 有泥的水慢慢地变清了。2. 转晴：After the storm the sky cleared. 暴风雨过后，天空变晴。
clearly adv. 1.了解地：The notes explain very clearly what you have to do. 你应该做的事，这个说明都讲解得非常了解。/ He didn’t speak clearly. 他没把话说了解。2. 显然地，无疑地：That’s clearly cannot be true. 显然那不是真的。/ Clearly, he is a very stupid person. 它无疑是个非常笨的人。
clever adj. 1. 聪明的，伶俐的：It’s a clever idea. 是个聪明的想法。/ I’m not as clever as he is. 我没他聪明。2. 熟练的，灵巧的：He is clever with money. 他善于投资理财。3. 精明的：He was too clever for us. 他太聪明了，大家斗不过他。
It's clever of sb to do sth 的意思是“某人做某事是聪明的”，其中的介词of不可以换成for：It's clever of her to refuse them. 她拒绝他们是明智的。此句也可说成She is clever to refuse them.
click n.[C]咔嗒声：I heard a click as someone switched the light on. 我听到有人咔嗒一声把灯拉开了。v. 2.发出咔嗒声：The door clicked shut. 咔嗒一声关上门。/ The new part clicked into place. 新零件咔嗒一声就装好了。2. 点击
climb v. 爬，攀登：Do you think you can climb that tree? 你觉得你能爬上那颗树吗？/ Monkeys can climb well. 猴子擅长攀爬。n. 1.[C]攀爬，爬升：It was a long climb from the village to the TOP of the mountain. 从村子到山顶要走非常长的上坡路。
clock n. 1.[C]钟：an alarm clock 闹钟 / What does the clock say? 目前是什么时间？ / The clock struck twelve. 钟敲12点。/ The clock is 5 minutes fast . 这钟快5分钟。
close adj. 1. 亲密的，关系密切的：a close friend 密友 / be close as fish and water 鱼水情深 2. 近，挨近：You’re too close to the fire. 你离炉火太近了。/ The children are close to each other in age. 孩子们彼此的年龄非常接近。)v. 关，闭，关门：Close your eyes! 把眼闭上。/ The museum is closedon Sundays. 星期日博物馆不开放。/ The door closed quietly. 门轻轻地关上了。
用作动词，表示“关闭”；用作形容词，表示“接近”、“亲近”。不要受动词使用方法的影响，用其表示“关闭的”这一意义，要表示此义，可用closed，如要表示“别睁开你的双眼”，可说成Keep your eyes closed. 但不可以说成 Keep your eyes close.
closed adj. 关闭的：The door remained closed. 门仍然关着。/ The library is closed on weekends. 周末图书馆关门。/ It is usually closed at 5:30. 它一般五点半关门。
clothes n. 衣服：school clothes 校服 / put onone’s clothes 穿上衣物 / He spends a lot of money on clothes. 他在衣着上花费非常大。
clothes与clothing。参见clothing。
1. 表示衣服的统称，不只包含coat, shirt, dress 等如此的“衣服”，而且还包含 trousers, socks等穿在身上的所有东西，所以当说 She wears beautiful clothes. 时，那其实是说她身上所穿的所有东西都非常漂亮。2. 是一个没单数形式的复数名词，其前不可加不定冠词，也不可加数词，但可用 some, these, those, many, few 等词修饰。3. 若用作主语，谓语动词要用复数：My clothes were dirty. 我的衣服脏了。4. 要具体表示几套衣服，借用suit：a suit of clothes 一套衣服 / three suits of clothes 三套衣服
clothing n.[U]衣服：The soldiers didn’t have warm clothing. 士兵们没暖和的衣服。/ They wear very little clothing. 他们衣服穿得极少。
clothing与clothes：1. clothing是不可数名词，而clothes 是一个没单数形式的复数名词。2. clothes 的意思比较具体，而 clothing 的意思则比较抽象：He is washing his clothes. 他在洗衣服。/ Our clothing protects us against the cold. 大家的衣服可以御寒。3. a suit of clothes指一套衣服，an article of clothing 指一件衣服。4. 有时若不考虑其细微不同，两者也可换用：He spent a lot of money on clothes[clothing]. 他花了很多钱买衣服。
cloud n. 1.[U,C]云：There’s more cloud today than yesterday. 今天的云比昨天要多。/ Look at those dark clouds. It’s going to rain. 看那些乌云，要下雨了。/ Dark[Black] clouds were gathering in the skies. 天空乌云密布。
作为物质名词本来不可数，但因为大家实质所见到的云总是可以一片、二片地数，所以它总是又被用作可数名词，且因为在通常情况下，大家见到一片云的情形比较少，所以它用作复数形式的比较多。
cloudy adj. 多云的，阴天的：a cloudy sky 多云的天空 / The sky looks a bit cloudy now but I think it will clear up. 天空目前看着有点云，但我相信会放晴的。
club n.[C]会所：a working-men’s club 工人会所 / I belong to the tennis club. 我是网球会所的。
coat n. 1.[C] 外套，大衣，上衣：Put your coat on—it’s cold today. 穿上大衣吧——今每天冷。/ Does the coat fit? 上衣合身吗? 2.[C] 表皮，皮毛：A tiger has a striped coat. 老虎的皮毛有条纹。
code n.[C,U]密码，符号：The letter was written in code and I could not understand it. 信是用密码写的，看不明白。
coffee n. 1.[U]咖啡：half a pound of coffee 半磅咖啡 / instant coffee 速溶咖啡 / Would you like coffee or tea? 喝咖啡还是喝茶？ 3.[C]咖啡：Two coffees, please.请来两杯咖啡。
不要从字面理解以下说法：black coffee 纯咖啡 / white coffee 牛奶咖啡
coin n. 1.[C]硬币：two gold coins 两枚金币 / He collects foreign coins. 他采集外国硬币。
Coke n.[C,U ]可口可乐
cold adj. 1. 寒的，寒冷的：It’s cold today. 今每天气非常冷。/ I’m cold. Will you put the heater on? 我非常冷。你把暖气开开行吗？2. 冷的，未加热的：Would you like tea or a cold drink? 你是要喝茶还是喝冷饮？/ Don’t let your dinner get cold. 不要让饭凉了。3. 冷淡的，无情的：a cold greeting 冷淡的招呼 n.[U]冷，寒冷：keep out the cold 御寒 / She doesn’t seem to feel the cold. 她好像不感觉冷。/ It’s nice to put on a warm coat and go for a walk in the cold. 在寒冷的天气里穿上温暖的外衣出去散步真好。2.[C,U]感冒，伤风：I’ve got a cold. 我感冒了。/ Be careful not to take cold. 小心别着凉。
1. 表示“感冒”或“伤风”，是可数名词，不只可用不定冠词修饰，而且可用复数形式，有时还可受数词的修饰：Some people easily take colds. 有些人容易感冒。/ Most people have two or three colds a year. 大部分人一年患两三次感冒。2. 表示“感冒”时，在 havea cold 这一词组中 a 不可以省略，但在 takecold, catchcold, getcold 这种表达中 a 可以省略。但注意：即便是后一种状况，cold 若有了形容词的修饰，则其中的 a 也不可以省略：takea bad cold 患重感冒
collect v. 1.采集，搜集：He likes collecting stamps. 这男生喜欢集邮。/Collectthe books and put them in a pile on the desk. 把书收起来堆在桌上。/ Clouds are collecting. 云集拢来了。/ A crowd soon collected at the scene of the accident. 群众非常快聚集在出事现场。2. 收取，领走：She collected her child from school on her way home. 她在回家的路上到学校接回了我们的孩子。/ The bus conductor collected money from the passengers. 公共汽车售票员向乘客收钱。
collect 与 gather。参见 gather。
college n.[C] 1.学院，独立学院，专科学校：a
college主要意思是：1. 指高等专科学校或学院 2. 指学院 3. 在平时生活用语中泛指“大学”，比较：go to college 上大学，go to the college 到这所大学去
color n. 1.[C] 颜色：What color is your car? 你的汽车是哪种颜色的？/ Red, black and green are all colors. 红色、黑色和绿色都是颜色。2.[U]色彩，彩色：You need more color in this room. 你这房间的色调需要丰富些。/ The leaves change colour in autumn. 叶子到秋季颜色就变了。/ Is the film in color or black and white? 这胶卷是彩色的还是黑白的？3.[C,U]颜料：oilcolours 油画颜料
1. 表示颜色的常用词有：red 红，black 黑，blue 蓝，white 白，green 绿，yellow 黄，grey[gray] 灰，orange 橙，brown 褐。2. 表示颜色的浅或淡，一般是在颜色词前加 light 或 pale：light green 浅绿，pale yellow 淡黄 3. 表示颜色深，一般在颜色词前加 dark 或 deep：deep red 深红，dark green 深绿 4. color一词一般不需要于red, black等颜色词之后，如不说The car is red color.
colorful a. 1. 鲜艳的，鲜明的：a bird with colorful wings 翅膀色彩漂亮的鸟 / The garden is very colorful in summer. 这个花园在夏季五彩缤纷。2. 丰富多彩的，激动人心的：a colorful period of history 历史上一段多姿多彩的年代 / She wanted to make it more colourful and attractive. 她想让它更富有色彩，更吸引人。
come vi. 1. 来：Come here, please. 请过来。/ She came into the room and shut the door. 她进到屋子里来，然后关上门。2. 来到：The train slowly came into the station. 火车缓缓驶进站。/ If you go along that road, you will come to the river. 你顺着这条路走，就能到河边了。3.发生，来到，即将来临：June comes after May. 5月过后是6月。/ No harm will come to you if you’re careful. 只须你小心，你不会遭受损害的。4. 达到，及：The water cameto my neck. 水深及我的脖子。/ The road comes to the station. 大路一直通到车站。5. 位，出现：On what page does it come? 它在哪一页？/A smile came to his face. 他脸上露出微笑。6.出现，想到：A good plan came to me. 我想起一个好方法。7. 合计为，归结为： What you say comes to this. 你的话归结起来就如此。8. 成为是，变成，证实是：Their dream has finally come true. 他们的梦想终于达成了。
1. come about 发生：Do you know how this thing come about? 你了解这事是如何发生的吗? 2. come across 被理解：What he said did not really come across. 他说的话没被非常不错的理解。给予印象：He came across well to my mother. 他给我妈妈的印象非常不错。 发现或遇到：Perhaps I shall come across him in Paris. 或许我会在巴黎见到他。3. come along 一道去：Come along, I'll show you to your room. 走，我带你去看你的房间。赶快：Come along, it's getting dark. 赶快，天快黑了。4. come down 下来，降低，减低：Come down from the tree. 从树上下来。/ Prices didn’t come down. 价格没降低。5. come for 来取，来拿，来找：I have come for the dictionary. 我来拿词典。/ He's come for yes or no. 他是来听回话的。6. come from 来自：Wool comes from sheep. 羊毛取自羊身上。/ I come from
10. come over 来访，来玩：Come over and see us sometime. 有空来大家这里坐坐。
11. come to 来到，合计，谈到：Soon we came to the river. 非常快大家就来到了河边。/ That comes to five yuan. 一共五元钱。/ I was just to come to it. 我正要谈这个问题。
12. come to oneself 苏醒：Soon he came to himself. 他非常快就苏醒了过来。
13. come up with 赶上：He came up with the others. 他赶上了别的人。提出，想出：She came up with a new idea for doing this. 他想出了做这事的新主意。
