SECTION III
Time35 minutes
26 Questions
Directions: The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some questions more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question.However, you are to choose the best answer; that is, the response that most accurately1 and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by commonsense2 standards implausible,superfluous, or incompatible3 with the passage After you have chosen the best answer, blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.
1. Francis: Pailure to become properly registered to vote prevents one-third of the voting-age citizens of Lagonia from voting. If local election boards made the excessively cumbersome4 registration5 process easier. more people would register and vote
Sharon: The high number of citizens not registered to vote has persisted despite many attempts to make registering easier. Surveys show that most of these citizens believe that their votes would not make a difference. Until that belief is changed, simplifying the registration process will not increase the percentage of citizens registering to vote
The main issue in dispute between Francis and Sharon is
whether changing the voter registration process would be cumbersome
why so many citizens do not register to vote
what percentage of those registered to vote actually vote
whether local election boards have simplified the registration process
why the public lacks confidence in the effects of voting
2. Adverti百度竞价推广ent Anyone who thinks moisturizers are not important for beautiful skin should consider what happens to the earth, the skin of the word, in times of drought. Without regular infusions7 of moisture the ground becomes lined and cracked and its lush loveliness fades away. Thus your skin, too, should be protected from the protection provided by regular infusions of Dewyfresh the drought-defying moisturizer.
The Dewyfresh adverti百度竞价推广ent exhibits which one of the following errors of reasoning?
It treats something that is necessary for bringing about a state of affairs as something that is sufficient to bring about that state of affairs
It treats the fact that two things regularly occur together as proof that there is a single thing that is the cause of them both
It overlooks the fact that changing what people think is the case does not necessarily change what is the case.
It relies on the ambiguity8 of the term infusion6. which can designate either a process or the product of that process
It relies on an analogy between two things that are insufficiently9 alike in the respects in which they would have to be alike for the conclusion to be supported.
Questions 3-4
M: The Greek alphabet must have been invented by some inpidual who knew the Phoenician writing system and who wanted to have some way of recording10 Homeric epies and thereby11 preserving expressions of a highly developed traditin of oral poetry.
P: Your hypothesis is laughable! What would have been the point of such a person s writing Homeric epices down? Surely a person who knew them well enough to write them down would not need to read them, and no one else could read them, according to your hypothesis.
3. Which one of the following is an argumentative strategy that P uses in responding to M?
attacking M s understanding of the literary value of oral poetry
disagreeing with M s thesis without attempting to refute it
challenging M s knowledge of the Phoenician writing system
attempting to undermine M s hypothesis by making it appear absurd
providing an alternative interpretation12 of evidence put forward by M
4. P s argument is vulnerable to which one of the following criticisms?
It fails to demonstrate that the Phoenician alphabet alone could have provided the basis for the Greek alphabet
It incorrectly assumes that the first text ever written in Greek was a Homeric poem
It confuses the requirements for a complex oral tradition with the requirements of a written language
It attempts to demonstrate the truth of a hypothesis merely by showing that it is possible.
It overlooks the possibility that person who invented the Greek alphabet did so with the intention of teaching it to others
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