There are many labels pinned on us at work, but one of the best is to be called “knowledgeable.”
工作场所中有很多标签，但其中最好的标签叫做“常识渊博”。
If you sound knowledgeable, you'll be taken seriously at meetings and elsewhere.
假如你听上去常识渊博，那样无论是在会议还是其他场所，大家都会认真对待你的建议。
But what exactly does it take to sound knowledgeable? Surprisingly, it's not what many people think.
但到底如何才算常识渊博呢？让人感到惊讶的是，并非大部分人所设想的那样。
Those who try to sound like experts often believe they must spew out all they know. So they pack too much information into their comments, or provide dense, fact-rich slides in their PowerPoint presentations.
那些试图说话像专家的人常常觉得他们需要说源于己所了解的所有。因此，他们在评论中采集了太多信息，或者在他们的幻灯片演示文稿中提供数目密集、事实丰富的幻灯片。
They are the very people whose views are ignored.
他们总是是那些建议容易被忽略的人。
Knowledge is very different from information: Knowledge is insight, not just an accumulation of facts. You can show your mastery in this area in the following ways.
常识与信息很不同：常识是洞察力，而不止是事实的积累。你可以通过以下几种方法展示你的博学。
#1. Boil It Down to One Message
＃1 总结为一个看法
A good way to turn off your listeners is with an information dump. If you want to sound knowledgeable, formulate a single ideas from the material you've gathered, and deliver it clearly.
听众最讨厌的就是信息垃圾。假如你想要自己听上去常识渊博，请把你采集的信息总结为一个看法，并了解地传达它。
Those who know the most are often the worst teachers. Their level of understanding is far removed from their listeners, and they can't be bothered to explain how they reached their conclusions.
那些洞察最深的人总是是最差的老师。他们的理解水平远远超出听众，非常难讲解他们是怎么样得出结论的。
He points to Albert Einstein who had trouble attracting students and had difficulty explaining concepts with any simplicity.
譬如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦非常难吸引学生，由于他不善于用简单的方法来讲解复杂的定义。
No matter how much you know on a TOPic, the secret to audience engagement is to boil it down to a single, compelling idea.
无论你对某个话题知道多少，让听众参与进去的诀窍就是将它总结为一个具备说服力的看法。
Say, “Here's what I believe . . . ” Or “My point is this . . . ” Be sure to state this idea in one short, sharply focused sentence that will center your audience on a single meaningful thought.
你可以这么说，“这就是我所相信的……”或者“我的看法是……”请务必用一个简短且重点突出的句子陈述你的看法，这能够帮助让观众的注意力集中在一个有意义的看法上。
#2. Provide a Clear Structure
＃2 用一个明确的结构
once you state your idea, make the depth of your knowledge clear by offering proof points that support your one idea.
一旦你陈述了你的看法，你还需要提供支撑看法的论据，这会使你的看法具备深度而且逻辑明确。
These points can be organized in a variety of ways, including Reasons, Ways, Steps in a Process, or a Challenge/Response.
这类论据可以通过多种方法提出，包含列举缘由、办法、步骤步骤或挑战/应付。
Give your listeners clear signposts as you proceed through your structure. Use tags like “the first reason,” the second reason,” or “The challenge we faced . . .” and “Our response was a collaborative one.”
在你用整个结构时，记得为听众提供了解的提示。建议使用 “第一个缘由”、“第二个缘由”或“大家面临的挑战是……”和“大家的应付方法是采取合作。”之类的常用语。
By highlighting your structure, you'll sound knowledgeable because people will understand what you're saying. Without that structure you'll leave your audience in a dense fog of content.
通过突出你的结构，你将听起来常识渊博，由于大家会理解你所说的内容。假如没这种结构，听众会感觉不知所云。
#3. Simplify Your Language
＃3 用简单的语言表达
Ironically, the simpler your words and sentences, the more profound you'll sound. Suppose a colleague reporting on a project says: “The satisfaction of all parameters implicates the completion of the project mandate by Q4.”
具备讽刺意味的是，一个人说话时用的词汇和句子越简单，说的话总是越深刻。假设一位同事在汇报项目时说：“所有参数的达成意味着到第四季度可以完成项目。”
Hearing that, you have every right to be puzzled. A truly knowledgeable colleague would simply say: “We expect to complete this project by year end.”
听到这句话，你一定会感到困惑。而一位真的常识渊博的同事会简单地说：“大家有望在年底前完成这个项目。”
True wisdom lies in clarity, so choose simple words and short sentences. As Winston Churchill said, “Short words are best, and the old words when short are best of all.”
真的的智慧在于明确明了，所以选择简洁的词汇和短句。正如温斯顿·丘吉尔所说，“简短的词是最好的，又短又古老的词最最好。”
#4. Choose Your Moments
＃4 选择适合的机会开口
Finally, pick the right moments to speak up and share your views.
最后，选择适合的机会发表你的看法。
Someone who is always speaking up to show how smart he is will sound pompous rather than knowledgeable.
一直发表看法试图证明自己非常聪明的人听上去非常高傲自大，而不是常识渊博。
Picking your spots means showing respect for the wisdom others bring. Then you can enter the conversation and build upon what others have said. That's a good example of leadership–and knowledge in action.
挑选你说话的机会意味着尊重别人带来的智慧。然后你可以参与对话，并在别人的基础上补充看法。这是领导力和常识运用的一个绝佳例子。
Today, with so much data available to all of us, there's a premium on being truly knowledgeable. To earn that mark of distinction, check your facts, distill your information into a key message, provide a clear structure and easily accessible language–and deliver your insights at the appropriate moment.
而今，因为所有人都可以获得大量的信息数据，因此真的做到洞察透彻尤为重要。要想和普通人区别开来，你需要核查事实，把信息提炼为重要的看法，用明确的结构和易懂的语言，并在适合的时候提出你的见解。
Those skills will make you come across as knowledgeable every time you speak.
以上这类技能会叫你一开口说话就听上去十分常识渊博。
（翻译：雅兰）
